1)M.Kearney. The local and the global: The anthropology of globalization
and transnationalism.
An American survey of anthropological association in 1994 has published the following: The land surfaces of the earth are mostly divided into national territories.
Globalization as used herein refers to social, economic, cultural, and demographic processes that take place within nations but also transcend them, such that attention limited to local processes, identities, and units of analysis yield an incomplete understanding of the local. Also, given the national character of anthropology centered as it is in the so-called Western nations, Globalization entails certain displacements of production to other sites. One is tempted to say such displacement is from center to periphery, but as discussed below, globalization implies the decay of that distinction.
Transnationalism overlaps globalization but typically has a more limited purview. Whereas global processes are largely decentered from specific national territories and take place in a global space, transnational processes are anchored in and transcend one or more nation-states. Thus transnational is the term of choice when referring, for ex, to the migration of nations across the borders of one or of more nations. Similarly, transnational corporations operate worldwide but are centered in one home nation.
The nation in transnational usually refers to the territorial, social and cultural aspects of nation s concerned. In conclusion, transnational calls attention to the cultural and political projects of nation-states with their citizens and alliances.
Global theory.
Globalization mediated by migration, commerce, communication technology, finance, tourism, etc entails a reorganization of the bipolar imagery of space and time of the modern world. The correlate of this time has metropolitan centers and perimetral together.
Urban and migration
Some papers reveal how non-assimilative cultural and economic differentiation is perpetuated and often deepened as a result of transnational migration
Deterritorialization.
This term has several usages that speak to such processes. Harvey discusses why capitalism constantly deterritorializes and reterritorializes.
Global Implosion.
The analysis of global economic relations by dependency and world system theories laid the base for the global study of capitals plantation crops from perimetral areas and refined for consumption in the metropolis.
Media and compression.
In the '60s cultural imperialism was challenged by the media discourse impaired by dependency theory. Among nowadays many examples of that and imperialism, are massive flows of Brazilian and Latin-American media to Portugal and USA, and more places.
Tourism and globalization.
Like television channel surfing, commercialized tourism promotes the consumption of feeling images, experiences, and sensations patched together in the collage-like nowadays.
Globalization, Identity and Culture.
A landmark in the study of cultural processes played out on a global scale is the founding in 1988 of the journal Public Culture.
Central to this project is a displacement of inquiry from an intellectual space shared by the distinction between first, second, third, and fourth worlds.
Diasporan communities: Transnational Fiesta
Transnational politics
Numerous Indigenous groups have been able to reframe their disadvantageous relationships with the nation-states. In fact global environmentalism and the international Human rights.
2) Olivia:
Content traditions and Latin ideologies (98).
Olivia will discuss the Latin American colonial heritage of FIESTAS_CARNIVAL and fairs and how that heritage gives form to the festival. As well she will examine how this emergent community manipulated these traditions through the festival to develop internal relationships, define a space and create an Identity in the city.
In fact residents, in Adams Morgan or Washington heights, two old neighborhoods did not consciously IDENTITY themselves as a part of a single community until late 1950. In the 1920 and 30, its white residents considered it an Elite neighborhood, then years began to change that after 2 World Wars, WW. Contributing to this social change were different immigrants from different Latin American and Caribean countries began to settle in the Adams Morgan and Columbia.
The 60-70 Civil Rights Movement set the country´s political mood. Although the movement initially fought for Black Rights, it inspired other minorities to organize politically. The Vietnam War compounded a general discontent public mass manifestations. In the same decades, 60-70, people reorganized Festivals as politically powerful tools. ever with cultural and ethnic groups often in contact and collaboration with government agencies.
The festival and third world Ideologies.
Associated with and active in the community were a smaller number of urban educated, middle class migrants, who ideologically identified with the Working-class population.
Until the 70s DC considered the Latin community "Invisible"!
The festival and Traditions.
The first festival was organized by politicians, activists, and advocates for the community. They used the theme of ethnicity as an umbrella Identity to unify the community and to lobby for social services. Festival traditions provided a common ground for sharing experiences and values,...
According to the anthropologist R. Reina, there are 3 basic categories of the fiesta:
-the first label is simply Costumbres or Traditions. Even indigenous religious rituals
-the second is the catholic fiesta, celebrated in honor of the saint
-the third is the fiesta patronal, a civil religious celebration.
The festival parade and cultural identities (chapter 6).
The great spectacle of the parade fulfilled all expectations. In fact, unified festival action in time and space, commanding the attention of the crowds.
-To represent the national category, Olivia chooses to study FOLKLORE: "Mi bella Guatemala".
Olivia tries to show how people resolved differences to represent themselves to other people from their home regions and countries.
-"Peace in central America: Venceremos". She will examine in this section a series of presentations organized by coalitions of solidarity groups with world perspectives. Here, there was no single organizing group, but cross-group Alliancesssss would form depending on the current international political crisis and intragroup relations.
In the end, Olivia examined solidarity parades from years in Latin American and of course, different dictatorial policies by: Cuba (1961), Chile (73),..and in 1979 Somoza regime/ Sandinista, and civil war,...
3) Mahler
4)Modes
5)Wimme
6) Heyman
